异丙醇铝控制水解制备高纯拟薄水铝石和多孔氧化铝

主要进行异丙醇铝水解制备高纯拟薄水铝石和高纯多孔γ-Al_2O_3的研究。合成路线以异丙醇铝为原料,改变反应过程中水化液组成、水化温度和水化时间,制备一系列拟薄水铝石及其焙烧产物多孔γ-Al_2O_3。结果表明,水化液中异丙醇的存在会抑制无定型氢氧化铝的晶化,但也有助于形成大孔径、高比表面和大孔容的氧化铝;纯水体系下,60℃以下水化会出现三水铝石,60℃以上水化的产物则为拟薄水铝石;γ-Al_2O_3孔结构与前驱体拟薄水铝石的结晶度有关,晶粒越大的拟薄水铝石,焙烧所得氧化铝的孔径和孔容也增大。因此,水化条件的改变可以实现拟薄水铝石结构的控制,进而获得不同结构的多孔氧化铝。为由异丙醇铝水解制备高纯拟薄水铝石和多孔氧化铝的工业化提供相应的研究基础。     

浮选系统中粗颗粒与气泡的碰撞行为研究

浮选设备中气泡与颗粒的碰撞是一个复杂的力学过程,本文设计了一套电磁发射装置,将颗粒以可控的速度和角度射向水中的静止气泡,用以简化模拟真实的浮选现象。高速相机被用来监测这一碰撞过程,然后对图像进行分析,提取了颗粒的运动参数以及气泡的变形信息,研究了颗粒与气泡的作用时间与液膜排液规律,并推导了一个数学模型来预测碰撞现象的时间尺度并提出了黏附判据。     

5A06铝合金鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形工艺

针对某5A06铝合金鞍型横梁,设计了等温挤压近净成形试验。通过Deform有限元分析研究了鞍型横梁等温挤压过程中金属流动规律和缺陷产生原因,并进行了毛坯尺寸和热挤压件图的优化。设计了鞍型横梁等温挤压近净成形模具,可实现在普通压力机上加热管加热方式升温、成形后多顶杆同步脱模功能。通过等温挤压近净成形方法制备了长为580 mm、最薄壁厚为4 mm、筋高为8 mm、筋宽为6 mm的薄壁复杂多筋鞍型横梁,该构件90%以上部位尺寸精度可达到±0. 3 mm,其余部位尺寸精度可达±0. 5 mm,抗拉强度达340 MPa,伸长率约为25%。对等温挤压件装配部位进行少量机加,可获得3种不同尺寸的鞍型横梁。     

脉冲电流对6016-T4铝合金板材力学性能的影响

为研究在电流辅助成形时脉冲电流的电流密度、占空比和脉冲频率3个因素对6016-T4铝合金板材力学性能的影响规律,设计了3因素5水平的正交实验。实验表明,对6016-T4铝合金力学性能影响的主次因素是:电流密度>占空比>脉冲频率。在此基础上,选用主次2个因素,即电流密度和脉冲频率,使用控制变量法进行进一步的实验研究。实验结果表明,电流密度对6016-T4铝合金力学性能影响较大,改变电流密度的同时带来了明显的焦耳热效应,该效应对材料有明显的软化作用,降低了材料的流动应力,但是,同时也降低了铝合金板的伸长率,这是因为过大的电流密度加剧了试样的主应变演化,进而促进了试样的断裂。而脉冲频率的变化对6016-T4铝合金板材的力学性能影响很小,这也印证了正交实验的结论。     

Unsteady free convection of second‐grade nanofluid with a new time‐space fractional heat conduction

The Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio derivative are applied to study a second‐grade nanofluid over a vertical plate. A comparative analysis is presented to study the unsteady free convection of a second‐grade nanofluid with a new time–space fractional heat conduction. The governing equations with mixed time–space fractional derivatives are non‐dimensionalized and solved numerically, and a comparison between the Caputo and the Caputo–Fabrizio models is made. It is found that the temperature is higher for the Caputo–Fabrizio fractional model than the Caputo model, but the higher velocity only exists near the vertical plate for the Caputo–Fabrizio model than the Caputo model. Moreover, the velocity for the Caputo model will exceed the Caputo–Fabrizio model as y evolves.     

不同来源的二醋片在醋酸烟用丝束生产中的应用

不同来源的二醋片在使用中分别出现了堆积密度小、颗粒不均匀、溶解性差、浆液中出现大量柔性和刚性杂质、烛形过滤器先后发现黑色杂质和纤维不溶物、产品断头率超出质量控制目标、丝束飞花较高等问题,受到烟厂抱怨和投诉。针对这些问题进行分析,采取了一系列改进措施,使得在应用不同来源状态下的二醋片条件下,丝束产品质量得到有效控制和稳步提高。     

Durable,Sensitive, and Wide‐Range Wearable Pressure Sensors Based on Wavy‐Structured Flexible Conductive Composite Film

Flexible pressure sensors have potential applications in human motion monitoring and electronic skins. To satisfy the practical applications, pressure sensors with a high sensitivity, a low detection limit, a broad response range, and an excellent stability are highly needed. Here, a piezoresistive pressure sensor based on wavy‐structured single‐walled carbon nanotube/graphite flake/thermoplastic polyurethane (SWCNT/GF/TPU) composite film is fabricated by a prestretching process. Due to the random wavy structure, high conductivity, and good flexibility, the prepared sensor displays a low detection limit of 2 Pa, a wide sensing range of 0–60 kPa, and a high sensitivity of 5.49 kPa^?1 for 0–50 Pa. Furthermore, the sensor shows a remarkable repeatability of over 1.1 × 10⁴, 9.0 × 10³, and 2.0 × 10³ pressure loading/unloading cycles at 50 Pa, 500 Pa, and 30 kPa, respectively, and a fast responsibility of 100–150 ms of loading response time and 400–600 ms of relaxation time. Therefore, the pressure sensor is successfully adopted to monitor both the large‐scale human activities (e.g., walk and jump) and the small‐scale signals (e.g., wrist pulse). Furthermore, a sensor array is assembled to map the weight and shape of an object, indicating its various potential applications including human–machine interactions, human health monitoring, and other wearable electronics.     

Dissimilar Metal Joining of 304 Stainless Steel to SMA490BW Steel Using the Filler Metal Powders with a High-Entropy Design

Metals and Materials International - High-entropy alloys having excellent properties are particularly suitable for the application as the filler metals in welding. In the present study,...     

A UV-LEDs based photomicroreactor for mechanistic insights and kinetic studies in the norbornadiene photoisomerization

In this work, we report a simple and inexpensive UV-LEDs based photomicroreactor assembly constructed by commercially available components. The photoisomerization of norbornadiene to quadricyclane was selected to validate this novel photomicroreactor design. Mass transport limitation was eliminated and indicated by dimensionless numbers Fo and Da _II, and photons loss was evaluated considering the absorption and reflection of the microreactor walls. The solvents, photosensitizers, and light sources selections were optimized for achieving better photochemical performance and mechanistic insights. The detailed comparison between the high-pressure mercury arc lamp and the UV-LEDs strip revealed great potential of UV-LEDs as appealing light source for photochemical transformations. Moreover, the reaction mechanism was thoroughly discussed and illustrated by the Jablonski diagram indicating electronic states transitions. According to possible intermediate steps, a kinetic model was proposed with the reaction rate constant being correlated with the photon flux, which is valuable for process optimization and further understanding reaction mechanisms.